вЂWhat breakfast could possibly compare with this,вЂ™ Union Lieutenant Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote in his journal in 1862-вЂ™hard crackers, boiled beef (2 days in the haversack) and bologna sausage (ditto).вЂ™ Officially, the daily Union ration consisted of 22 ounces of bread and either 12 ounces of pork or a pound of salted beef. Both sides were moved by the heartbreaking tune вЂHome Sweet Home.вЂ™ The men in gray cherished вЂDixie,вЂ™ вЂBonnie Blue Flag,вЂ™ вЂYellow Rose of Texas,вЂ™ and other songs. The men in blue favored вЂBattle Cry of Freedom,вЂ™ вЂRed White and Blue,вЂ™ вЂThe Star Spangled Banner,вЂ™ and others. Johnny Reb and Billy Yank loved to singвЂ“on the march, in camp, and sometimes even in battle. Some units were raised, but it was too late for them to make a difference. In March 1865, the Confederate congress authorized the army to recruit 300,000 black troops. Approximately 179,000 black soldiers wore the blue 37,000 lost their lives. Exact figures for the South are sketchy, but tens of thousands of Irish, Germans, British, French, Canadians, Dutch, and Austrians entered Confederate ranks.Д«y warвЂ™s end, African-American soldiers made up roughly 10 percent of the Union army. Nearly one quarter of the UnionвЂ™s soldiers were immigrants, including 200,000 Germans 150,000 Irish 45,000 English 15,000 Canadians, and lesser numbers of French, Norwegians, Italians, Mexicans, and Poles. Nonetheless, large numbers of stout-hearted newcomers to the country also volunteered to fightвЂ“especially in the North. The large majority of Civil War soldiers were native born. Confederate soldiers sometimes fought because they feared Union victory would result in a society where black people were placed on an even footing with whites. Later in the war, increasing numbers of Federal soldiers fought to abolish slavery, if for no other reason than to end the war quickly. Union soldiers fought to preserve the Union the common Confederate fought to defend his home. Men on both sides were inspired to fight by patriotism, state pride, the chance for adventure, steady pay. Over 426,000 Confederates were captured, of which some 248,000 were paroled in the field imprisoned in the North, and 26,000, or 12% of those sent to POW camps, died in captivity. Roughly 211,000 Union soldiers were captured 17,000 were paroled in the field 30,000, or about 15.5% of those sent to prisoner of war camps, died there. Some recent estimates claim the totals were actually higher. The South lost over 260,000 men, 95,000+ in battle and 165,000+ to other causes, primarily disease. Over 360,000 died in service to the North, 110,000+ in battle and 250,000+ of other causes, primarily disease. A Rebel faced a 1 in 5 chance of succumbing to disease and a 1 in 8 chance of dying in combat. A Yankee stood a 1 in 8 chance of dying due to illness and a 1 in 18 chance of dying in battle. Of every 1,000 Feder-als, 112 were wounded 150 of every 1,000 Confederates were hit. In the Confederate army, 75 percent of the men served in the infantry, 20 percent in the cavalry, and 5 percent in artillery. In the Union army, 80 percent of the men were in the infantry, 14 percent in the cavalry, and 6 percent in artillery. Southerners who had not farmed included carpenters, mechanics, merchants, machinists, lawyers, teachers, blacksmiths, and dentists. Union rosters contained references to more than 300 different careers, including accountant, surveyor, locksmith, teacher, carpenter, shoemaker, black- smith, painter, mason, teamster, and mechanic. The majority of soldiers North and South had been farmers before the war. Most soldiers were between the ages of 18 and 39 with an average age just under 26. Wiley, who pioneered the study of the Civil War common soldier, the average Yank or Reb was a вЂwhite, native-born, farmer, protestant, single, between 18 and 29.вЂ™ He stood about 5 feet 8 inches tall and weighed about 143 pounds. Union Cavalry Soldier Who Was the Common Soldier of AmericaвЂ™s Civil War?ДЄbout 2.75 million soldiers fought in the Civil War - 2 million for the North and 750,000 for the South.ДЄccording to historian Bell I.

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